The American Military Government in Germany during World

The World War II was a huge section throughout the entire existence of Germany. It was a worldwide military clash that occurred somewhere in the range of 1939 and 1945. It got significant changes the geological, social and financial parts of the nation. Germany's fundamental partners in the war were Japan and Italy, while the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union were on the contrary side. The World War II devastatingly affected Japan, one of Germany's fundamental partners. The result of the war brought about the division of Germany into four military occupation zones.â€Å"France was given the charge of southwest, while the British powers controlled the upper east. The Soviet powers expected the control of the east and a US military government was built up in the south† . The fundamental target of the united powers was to end the Nazism in Germany and put the nation while in transit to majority rules system. Albeit four military occupation zones were made after the fini sh of World War II, the US military government in Germany had started its work in 1994. Foundation of the US Military Government in Germany The arrangement to build up a military government in Germany started much earlier.â€Å"Following the episode of World War II in 1939, the authorities of the Department of State in the United States, started their appraisal on the post-war activities. They accepted that the United States would affect the harmony settlement and post-war development activities† . It was extremely obvious from the earliest starting point that the US Army needed to confront troublesome undertakings of administering war-attacked Germany. The pioneers and troops of the United States were called upon to manage a progression of difficulties in political, social, conservative and money related undertakings other than keeping up lawfulness in the country.â€Å"The State Department set up its first exploration unit for the readiness of post-war international strate gy. The unit was known as the Division of Special Research. Financial specialist Leo Pasvolsky drove the examination unit† . At the point when the United States entered the war in 1941, the unit started building up a far reaching arranging and strategy advancement technique. The methodology tended to the key issues to be experienced by the military government in Germany and Japan. Establishment of the Military GovernmentThe military government set up in Germany during World War II performed rudimentary capacities, for example, mitigating the strategic soldiers of concerns and doing standard and lawful commitments of a military occupation. It figured a national strategy so as to serve a scope of political, social and monetary purposes. The essential goal of the military government was to guarantee strength in the war-torn Germany. It additionally had the point of undertaking important measures to support people.â€Å"The control of Germany by the US military powers started on September 15, 1944, when an unassuming community called Roetgen on the German-Belgian fringe was withdrawn by Detachment D8B1† . D8B1 was a common undertakings separation. It was prepared to work in freed regions. â€Å"The military separations at last entered Germany on September 28, 1944 with Detachment I4G2 assuming responsibility for Monschau close Roetgen. Aachen, the western area in Germany was caught inside half a month and Detachment F1G2 was introduced there† . F1G2 was intended to oversee urban communities and domains around them.The military government separations were composed in England and in the United States. The â€Å"E† separations were the biggest ones. â€Å"Each â€Å"E† separation had twenty-six officials and thirty-five enrolled men. Those separations were intended to assume control over the administration of every single German state. They were additionally appointed the oversight of different separations â€Å"F† and  "I† that were introduced inside them† . The littlest separations were the â€Å"H† and â€Å"I† separations. â€Å"H separations had five officials and ten enrolled men, while the â€Å"I† separations had four officials and six enrolled men† .The little separations had been alloted the control of provincial areas and little districts. Albeit just a little piece of Germany could be managed of the US military powers, the occupation established the framework of the military government in Germany. Officials of the US Military Government The US military government in Germany was a consequence of viable arranging and preparing for quite a long time. â€Å"The preparing of the military government officials and enrolled men started at the Military Government School, Charlottesville, Virginia in 1942.The military government officials who were sent to Germany were the result of administration schools and they were more effective than other armed force work force in the United States† . The normal age of the officials, who joined the military government was forty years. They included both in-administration officials and regular people. Most officials had long involvement with taking care of non military personnel work. They had mastery in law, educating, building, police or social work. They were prepared and solid and steady to run the military government in Germany. Progression of the US Military Government in GermanyWhen the main separation moved into Germany in 1944, numerous individuals had question on the achievement of the mission. A great deal of preparation was never really individuals about the genuine target of the mission. â€Å"The Moscow Foreign Ministers gathering held in October 1943 had concluded that the whole German domain would be involved and put heavily influenced by the military government. The European Advisory Commission (EAC) was made for deciding the limits of the zones and formulating control app aratus for the best possible administration† . At the point when the military separations entered Germany, they didn't have any endorsed direction or policy.After entering the German domain, they were given guidelines from the US government. The military government separations had numerous activities in the field. â€Å"The military government selected city hall leaders and chairmen. Enrollment of individuals was done on a need premise. To reestablish peace in the urban areas, curfews must be enforced† . After the control of the region, the military government encountered another issue of giving food and apportion to the influenced individuals. Food supplies and proportioning frameworks were sorted out. Weapons and other disallowed articles were seized by the military government.The military government felt the requirement for satisfactory general wellbeing and security for the individuals and Germany and made essential game plans on that respect. The war had crushed st ructure and other open utilities. The military government attempted its best to reestablish those utilities and work them. The open utilities included schools, clinical units and open vehicle framework. The military government understood that it needed to keep up a harmony between the Nazis and basic German individuals. While it needed to manage the Nazis, warmongers and racists with an iron hand, it additionally needed to reestablish confidence among individuals about its crucial objectives.The World War II carried the German economy to a stop. The Nazis vanished with the withdrawing German soldiers. In any case, they left a progression of issues to be dealt with by the military government. The US military government in Germany took intense measures against Nazis and Nazi supporters. Simultaneously, it concentrated on development and recovery measures. â€Å"Aachen was a vital point for the US military powers. That filled in as the passage to the control of an entire German area. At the point when the Battle of the Bulge occurred with German Ardennes hostile, the regular citizens became fear stricken† .The military government authorities appropriately kept up the death camps and guaranteed that the regular people were least influenced by the loathsomeness of the war. The US military government in Germany even enlisted a few detainees of war as police officers. Their activity was to reestablish lawfulness and guarantee wellbeing of individuals and their properties. All through the fight, the US troops and supplies went through the involved territories with no obstruction. The military government had sorted out the occupation. It likewise showed strategic moves in basic situation.â€Å"By April 1945, the US Sixth and Twelfth Army bunches held the whole appointed US zone in the German domain. They likewise caught extra territories in German region. It was the pinnacle time for the military government to initiate its separations. The â€Å"H† and à ¢â‚¬Å"I† separations progressed with the bleeding edge troops by evacuating Nazi authorities. Nazi authorities were supplanted by non-Nazis. â€Å"E†, â€Å"F† and â€Å"G† separations built up themselves in the involved cities† . â€Å"By the finish of March 1945, in any event 150 separations were sent in Germany. That was very nearly 66% of the military government strength† .In April, the military government depleted its distributions of prepared separations. It turned to sorting out temporary separations utilizing hostile to airplane ordnance, field big guns and sign work force. In the wake of intersection the Rhine River, the military government embraced another obligation of restoring the dislodged people. There were more than 5,000,000 freed detainees of war. They had a place with France, Belgium, Holland, Russia, Poland and Yugoslavia and were confined by the Nazi powers of Germany. â€Å"The dislodged individuals were to be dealt with by the UNRRA (United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration).The UNRRA didn't have sufficient labor or the assets to do the obligation proficiently. Subsequently, the military government took the charge of the dislodged people† . Those individuals were casualties of Nazi oppression and German animosity. They were given all the fundamental enhancements, for example, food, garments and houses by the military government. Their security and se

Exbibit A, Take Two essays

Exbibit A, Take Two expositions The most pacifistic individuals on the planet said they came out of this film and needed to execute someone One can just accept Oliver Stone has come to lament the remark he made to the New York Times in 1996, concerning his questionable film Natural Born Killers. Right now, it has been involved in over twelve killings. There were the youthful French darlings, Parisian residents who drove police on a vehicle pursue, bringing about five passings. Obviously, there were murders stateside also. A teenaged Texan blamed for beheading a 13-year old young lady. A Georgia youth who purportedly killed a 82-year Floridian with a shotgun and yelled, Im a characteristic conceived executioner to the TV cameras. At that point there was the desperate Utah high schooler who ventured to such an extreme as to emulate Natural Born Killers wannabe Mickey Knoxs sartorical style, total with tinted granny-style shades and shaven skull. None of these, in any case, has gotten a similar press as the story of Sarah Edmondson and Benjamin Darras, a couple who went through the night of March 5, 1995 dropping corrosive and watching the film over and again. Nineteen and eighteen years of age, individually, the two went for a long drive the following morning in Edmondsons Nissan Maxima, making two stops with purpose to kill. On the principal event, they succeeded; Darras shot Bill Savage, a Mississippi agent, twice in the head and left with Savages wallet. The following day, it was Edmondsons turn. Subsequent to entering a Poncharoula, Louisiana comfort store, Edmondson discharged an inadequately pointed shot into representative Patsy Byers, deadening her. Having neglected to burglarize the store, Edmondson came back to take from the sales register. Venturing over the draining Byers, Edmondson commented, poor old thing, youre not dead yet. Truth be told, Byers didn't kick the bucket for a few additional years, and before she surrendered to malignant growth, she and her family documented claims against Warner Bros., the studio that ... <!

Using Essay Writing Services

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Slavery During The Civil War - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 650 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/05/18 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Civil War Essay War Essay Did you like this example? During the civil war in mid-19th century, slavery was one of the particular distributions in the world. Slaves helped manufacture fields by producing tobacco and cotton. Owners treated badly slaves leading them have marks wounds and blood all over the body. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Slavery During The Civil War" essay for you Create order Slave revolts glinted fear among Anglo. The American Anti-Slavery Society (AASS) was planning to reach mass audience against slavery. Understood the conciseness that slavery is an evil viewpoint as it was desecration of human rights. African American slave have the common problems but they began to build a new economic place by facing racial discrimination. The Anglo were scared of losing everything from the African American, so Anglo definite to have leading control over them. Slave trade conceivably allowed a magnificent record by expanding different humanity and becoming a new world economic and social organization. Today, America population has mixed race that provided in civil rights movement created. The role that religion play in the debate over slavery was not perfectly acceptable to Christians. According to the De Bows it stated, Genesis xxvi, 14, Isaac is said to have had possessions of flocks and herds, and a great store of servants. In other places in Genesis, they are spoken of, but always as property. Conferring that slaves are almost similar as preserving animals and property. Bible fails to demonstrate that the message case for owning and abusing slaves for the profit of the wealthy. Also stated, The anti-slavery party maintain, that the bible teaches nothing directly upon the subject, but, that it establishes rules and principles of action, from which they infer, that in holding slaves, we are guilty of a moral wrong. Taking advantage of the poor and weak to enhance their own positions in society. They were treated just like items that can easily sold like items. In the bible, God commanded Abraham to circumcise all his bond-servants. People believe that the savants we re the same as slaves because they were treated like objects. Abraham was chosen to be God servant. In Stephen Symonds Foster, The Brotherhood of Thieves (1843) directed that evidently disrespectful of the agreements of polite society in church services. In the article it stated, the Southern ministers of that body were desirous of perpetuating slavery for the purpose of supplying themselves with concubines from among its hapless victims; and that many of our clergymen were guilty of enormities that would disgrace an Algerian pirate!. This quote purpose of involvement in the evil of slavery. Stephen believed that they should focused how guilty as those who owned slaves. Black slavery was having a hard time getting along with the white southerners and north. That was way to cripple the southern state because slavery was the main source of labor for their farm or fields. This is how north and southern was the way to make money especially the south. Religious and moral arguments impact racial discussions today because it causes African American to dislike Anglo. Slavery is the main reason that racism is still active. Today racism is possible the most difficult for people of different kind of skin color. Anglo discriminates against African America without even being aware of their actions. Conferring to CNN, On April 29, white woman reportedly called police on a few black people who, she said, were using a charcoal grill in an area where it was banned. Since the democrat, Anglo always has advantage of the low-income and low standard by increase their own stations in civilization. At this present, the communitys prevailing return at the location to prevent racism. It resolves on social media that Anglo been calling the police officers on African American for unimportant reason. African American have the horrifying historical. African American shouldnt be treated like this. Slavery cause racism Most America people believe racism is a principal issue that still exists. Migration is being affected. All people should be treated and have better opportunities equally.

A World Full Of Drugs - 1801 Words

A World Full Of Drugs In the world today, there are millions of people who are turning and relying on drugs for the urge to feel â€Å"good†. There have been multiple drug epidemics in the United States in the last twenty five years, and each epidemic was over a new set of drugs, a stronger drug. These drugs are taking over, they are causing many complications, not only with the health conditions of people’s bodies but with the government and law enforcement. There are multiple drugs that are causing adults and even teens to become a strong addict to them, causing them to risk their lives each time they take in the drug. People are not understanding the major effects these drugs have on their body, how they are affecting their lifestyle, and†¦show more content†¦There have been multiple drug epidemics in the last ten years over crack, morphine, methamphetamine, and opioids (prescription painkillers). People are not taking these drug epidemics seriously and it is affecting our nation drastically not just the public health, but the social and economic welfare (What is the Federal n.p.). It is no wonder why people are dropping out of school and refusing to work, because they are given welfare. People can not support and raise the families they have because with what money they do have they put towards their addictions to drugs, then they request welfare. These drugs are creating such strong addictions that lead to epidemics and the strength of these drugs are continuing to increase. There are so many drugs out there that the amount of drugs that are produced in and around the United States is almost equal to the amount of people in the nation. However, the most common drugs that have been extremely relevant in the current epidemics are; opioids, crack, morphine, meth, and major prescription painkillers. Most common epidemic drugs involved in prescription overdose deaths are Hydrocodone (Vicodin), Oxycodone (OxyContin), Oxymorphone (Opana), Methadone (Understanding the...n.p.). These particular drugs are prescribed by a doctor typically for pain, these drugs are very addictive if not used properly. Especially Hydrocodone and Oxycodone are the most popular and also the most abused by

Balanced and Restorative Justice - 1013 Words

The Balanced and Restorative Justice (BARJ) approach introduced first in 1993 through a grant to Florida Atlantic University (FAU) began as a national initiative of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP). It seeks to serve juvenile offenders with a perspective to achieve restoration or a guaranteed favorable return to reverse their once delinquent behavior. It serves juvenile offenders providing them with a rehabilitation role instead of retribution role. BARJ addresses the risk and protective factors and/or special needs of juvenile offenders by instructing them to be accountable for their actions; they must develop a level of competency, so they can be more responsible and realize the destructibility of their†¦show more content†¦Juvenile justice professionals’ views often seek to consider the offender’s community because proper placement and the community’s supervisory role need to be a part of the treatment process as well. The victim’s role is somewhat simple, but exclusive at the same time because they come face to face with the offenders to work through their emotions and the crime that inflicted upon them by the offender. During the face-to-face meeting, victims have the option to forgive and reconcile with their offender so the healing process can begin and regain normalcy in their lives. The community seeks to improve involvement with juveniles by providing a shared responsibility for the m through support and supervision, providing employment, and education. The framework to address any potential complications with implementation of BARJ is to ask questions, do the research by looking into where it is currently in use, perform a series of tests or comprehensive assessments and record the results, and if implemented ask for feedback. Feedback will help identify any needs for improvements. 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Toy Safety and Mattel Toy I. free essay sample

In 1945, Ruth and Elliot Handler and Harold Matt Matson form a partnership called Mattel Creations in Southern California in a garage workshop that manufactured picture frames and dollhouse furniture. The worlds largest toy company, Mattel, Inc. , also known as â€Å"the worlds premiere toy company today and tomorrow,† designs, manufactures, markets, and distributes a variety of toy products all over the world. The companys products include a number of core toy lines, including Barbie dolls (which eventually became the best-selling toy ever), clothing, and accessories; Hot Wheels vehicles; Harry Potter, Batman, Superman, and Looney Tunes products; the American Girls Collection of books, dolls, clothing, and accessories; Fisher-Price infant and preschool toys, and toys based on Disney and Sesame Street characters; and games such as Scrabble and UNO. Mattels toys are produced in company-owned manufacturing facilities in China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, Thailand, and independent contractors located in the United States, Europe, Mexico, the Far East, and Australia. The companys three main retail customers include Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. , Toys R Us, Inc. , and Target Corporation. Throughout the years, Mattel continued to create and market popular toys such as Hot Wheels, merge with profitable manufacturers Fisher Price in 1993 and Tyco Toys, Inc. in 1997, partner with Disney, Sesame Street, and Nickelodeon, obtain licenses and rights to manufacture Cabbage Patch Dolls and Harry Potter merchandise, and acquire Pleasant Company (maker of American Girl brand) in 1997. Since 1945, the Mattel Company works hard to ensure it is considered a trustworthy company for children and the community. Mattel established the Mattel Childrens Foundation to make â€Å"a meaningful difference in the lives of children in need globally. † In 1997, the corporation formed the Global Manufacturing Principles (GMP), establishing Mattel as the first company to create a framework to ensure responsible manufacturing, assembly, and distribution is conducted through consistent standards on a global level. In 1998, Mattel began a unique $25 million multi-year donation partnership to the UCLA childrens hospital, renamed the Mattel Childrens Hospital at UCLA to assist and serve children from around the world with nationally recognized health care. With so much positive philanthropy projects, Mattel has not always been able to maintain an image of child-like and trustworthy purity. Mattel has experienced many criticisms for stealing ideas for toy-lines from children competing in toy invention competitions. In 1974, investigators revealed that company officials produced and issued false and misleading financial information to make it appear as if the company was continuing to successfully grow. And of course, Mattel has also had its share of recalls (the accurate number of recalls is debatable but it ranges from 17 to 28 recalls). But in August 1997, Mattel faced the biggest recall in the companys history. Brief Background There are two separate reasons why Mattel recalled 19 million toys from August to September of 2007. The fact that both recalls occurred at the same time makes this the biggest recall in the companys history. The first toy recall was due to defective magnets. The design of the toy magnets included parts with high-energy magnets typically used for industrial purposes that easily come loose and posed a threat to young children and infants who could easily swallow the magnets which could then adhere together in the digestive tract and rupture the stomach tissue. The strength of the magnets combined with Mattels poor design of the toys made the products a critical hazard for young children. Mattels website (http://corporate. mattel. com) lists 71 models and makes of toys that were recalled because of faulty magnets. The second toy recall was due to high levels of lead-based paint found on the surface of many toys. Mattel had previously given manufacturers in China a list of eight approved paint suppliers to use, but in order to reduce costs, subcontractors decided to employ unapproved suppliers. In some cases, the lead content was over 180 times the legal limit. Lead-based paint is dangerous for children because elevated levels create learning and behavioral problems, slow muscle and bone growth, hearing loss, anemia, brain damage, seizures, coma, and in some rare cases, death. Mattel recalled 91 models and makes of toys because of harmful levels of lead paint. China Since 1997, China has experienced many tribulations with the quality and standards of the products manufactured within the country. For instance, pet food, toothpaste, seafood, tires, and toys are just a few of the products recalled from homes in the United States because of serious, sometimes deadly, manufacturing inaccuracies. The business relationship between Mattel and China seemed to be a strong partnership. Mattel manufactured 65 percent of its toys in China, and before the recall, was a company others used as a model for successful global manufacturing. Mattel was criticized for placing too much faith in the partnership with China as well as careless inspections on the quality of the manufacturing sites abroad. Timeline In November of 2006, Mattel recalled Polly Pocket sets sold with magnets that posed a threat to children. In July 2007, a European retailer discovered high levels of lead content on various Mattel toys. Once notified, Mattel began an investigation and closed operations at the factories producing the toys. During the investigation, Mattel discovered millions of products available since 2003 that did not pass safety standards. On August 1, 2007, Fisher-Price recalled 1. 5 million toys due to high levels of lead-based paint 60% of which were all manufactured in China. After further investigation, Mattel recalled 18 million more products on August 14, 2007 because of the possible hazards of children swallowing faulty magnets. And on September 4, 2007, Mattel recalled another 848,000 toys due to high levels of lead-based paint. The U. S. Senate Committee began scrutinizing American safety standards for childrens toys and clothing and stated the possibility of creating new legislation to keep hazardous toys and clothing from children. Despite the fact that a larger number of toys were recalled because of faulty magnets and not lead-based paint, the framed communication made China appear culpable for the recalls in order to reduce reputational damage and the Chinese media stated that Mattel should be accountable for the mistakes rather than blame China. Mattel eventually listened and on September 21, the company issued an apology to China taking full blame for the recall crisis. Mattel also posted news releases and video interviews on the company website to keep the public informed. June 8, 2007 Mattel receives information on possible lead paint contamination June 9, 2007 CPSC deadline to report the problem June 10, 2007 Mattel fails to report problem to CPSC July 26, 2007 Mattel files full report to CPSC August 14, 2007 Mattel voluntarily recalls 17. 4 million products September 4, 2007 Mattel voluntarily recalls 850,000 toys with lead paint October 25, 2007 Mattel voluntarily recalls Go Diego Go! Rescue boats coated in hazardous lead paint November 6, 2007 Mattel voluntarily recalls 155,000 choking hazard toys manufactured in Mexico OBJECTIVES Mattels management has expressed the overall company vision as â€Å"The Worlds Premier Toy BrandsToday and Tomorrow. † Management set five key company strategies: 1. improve execution of the existing toy business 2. globalize the brands 3. extend the brands 4. catch new trends 5. develop people The company also adapts its definition of truthfulness by:  · Collecting and disseminating all information about the recall to the public accurately, quickly, and efficiently.  · Reassuring the public, especially parents and retailers, that the company is devoted to producing safe toys and improving honest communication.  · Taking responsibility for the recall, solving the crisis, and maintaining a working relationship with China. CRISIS PLAN Mattel is known for their 100-page crisis plan and a well-planned crisis response infrastructure tested from 28 recalls since 2000. Mattel speaks with one voice, communicates consistently through a crisis, acts quickly, and responds with public apology and any other expectations. All steps of the plan are code of a successful crisis plan and response. When Mattel realized the company was facing a serious crisis, their first act was to contact the federal agency overseeing toy issues and product safety. When federal officials publicized the first Mattel recall, Mattels crisis management team instantly arranged for open communication channels with reporters from the top media outlets. The team sent e-mail alerts with the recall press release, invited reporters to a teleconference with company executives, and arranged for the media to interview key personnel employed with Mattel. The day of the recall, Robert Eckert, CEO of Mattel, met with reporters for television and phone interviews. Mattel established a help line, answered over 300 media requests in the United States, and placed full page ads in the New York Times and Wall Street Journal by the end of the week. Mattel also started an online movement to notify consumers about the recall with updates posted on a regular basis, chat rooms, message boards, and social media. Mattel has consistently been open with the media and consumers testifying new company policies with very high standards and quality and safety testing procedures, although carefully stating â€Å"no system can be perfect. † Mattel also made it clear that they are doing all that they can to assess the situation on the manufacturing level. Apology to China Mattel prematurely placed disproportionate blame on Chinese manufacturers encouraging China bashing in the media across the world damaging Chinas reputation. On September 20, 2007, Mattel issued an apology to China in a meeting with Li Changjiang, the Chinese product safety chief. In the apology, Debrowski states â€Å"Mattel takes full responsibility for these recalls and apologizes personally to you, the Chinese people, and all of our customers who received the toys. † China accepted the apology saying â€Å"Mattel should value our cooperation. I really hope that Mattel can learn lessons and gain experience from these incidents, [and they should] improve their control measures† and anticipates that China will restore consumer confidence in products â€Å"made in China. † Result of Crisis Mattel appeared to handle the crisis by appearing to be up-front and open about the massive toy recall. Mattels homepage contains a dedicated bold red link to toy recalls containing information about recalls affecting all countries, what toys are being recalled, where to bring recalled toys, and defining Mattels three-point safety check system: 1. Mattel will make sure that manufactures only use paint from certified suppliers and they will test every single batch of paint from all vendors. If the paint isnt up to Mattels standards, it wont be used. 2. Mattel is increasing control on every level of the production process and conducting random inspections at all vender facilities. 3. Mattel pledges to test all finished toys vigorously before they reach the consumer. The toys must meet a series of strict safety standards before they are put on the market. Mattel assures customers that all venders are aware of these new procedures and Mattels strict enforcement of them. ANALYSIS Applying SCCT * Good o Public apology from CEO o Coupons offered o Stressed stringent inspection processes and company improvement * Bad o Placed initial blame on China, later making an apology to China o Stated media and government escalated the crisis Media Coverage Most of the media information that covered the Mattel toy recall discussed the lead-based paint recall and did not include the magnetic toy design flaw crisis which led to the China bashing products replying â€Å"Made In China should be viewed as a warning label. † Many media outlets reported the importance of China creating strict safety standards before putting more lives in danger. Media coverage of Mattel was very different since the focus was on Mattels timely apology and quick release of recall information. The fact that key Mattel executives spoke with the media provided a favorable reputation for the company. What China Has Done China continues to build manufacturing trust with the United States while improving problems within the country. US Regulatory Structure after the crisis The United States Consumer Product Safety Commission is â€Å"charged with protecting the public from unreasonable risks of serious injury or death from thousands of types of consumer products under the agencys jurisdiction. â€Å" In order to ensure the safety of childrens toys, the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) stopped the use of lead paint in toy manufacturing. CPSC Chairman stated that the Work Plans â€Å"show significant forward progress in the agencys efforts to bring Chinese-made consumer products into line with the U. S. safety rules. This is an important signal from the Chinese government that it is serious about working with CPSC to keep dangerous products out of American homes. We will be looking for meaningful cooperation on the ground that means not just with the Chinese government, but also with industry at both ends of the supply chain. † The CPSC also plans to increase consumer product inspections manufactured for the United States and will review the plans effectiveness after one year to discuss and implement improvements. The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act includes strict guidelines of Childrens product safety for: * Sec. 101. Childrens products containing lead; lead paint rule. * Sec. 102. Mandatory third party testing for certain childrens products. * Sec. 103. Tracking labels for childrens products. * Sec. 104. Standards and consumer registration of durable nursery products. * Sec. 105. Labeling requirement for advertising toys and games. * Sec. 106. Mandatory toy safety standards. * Sec. 107. Study of preventable injuries and deaths in minority children related to consumer products. * Sec. 108. Prohibition on sale of certain products containing specified phthalates. Personal interest as a mother During the Mattel toy recall crisis, I was in my third trimester with my first child. Imagine what went through my mind as a soon-to-be-new-mother already filled with angst. And so, a new Fleenor rule was born all products made in China were not welcomed and banned from our home. Easy enough I thought. Our son would have toys, clothing, food, and furniture made in the USA only easy enough I thought. So we discussed our decision with family and friends that all items with the â€Å"Made in China† label would be returned. Shopping became a difficult task because about 80 percent of toys, clothing, and furniture sold in America are made in China. I soon realized that I needed to shop online for specialty â€Å"Made in the USA† stores, find local artisans to build furniture and toys, and plan on entertaining my child myself with books, funny faces, and outdoor adventures. While I am still cautious of â€Å"Made in China† products, I am much more relaxed as I take responsibility in becoming an informed consumer through product recall email alerts from cpsc. gov, maintaining open communication with my childrens pediatrician, and still acting as the main entertainment source for my two children. What we learned Mattel dealt with the toy recall crisis precisely the way Coombs recommends companies to deal with image damaging crises. Mattels experience with recalls definitely ensured precise and smooth execution of their well documented crisis management plan. The company and CEO were visible, available, and publicly apologetic. And more importantly, Mattel told the truth and took immediate action to fix the problem allowing the company to focus on a positive solution and restoring the companys dependable reputation. It is often difficult to know exactly where and how consumer products are manufactured and how products are inspected in todays ever-changing global economy. The toy recall crisis also allowed us to realize that we are also facing an economic crisis with global manufacturing. While the United States is doing the best to ensure our safety through strict product regulations, we need to realize the difficult challenges we face when heavily relying on outside countries to manufacture such large quantities. â€Å"It would be far to easy to attribute this summers recalls to Chinas poorly regulated export manufacturers. Regulatory deficiencies, shoddy business practices, and the forces of globalization all play a substantial role in this catastrophe. There is enough blame to go around,† Representative John Dingell (D-Mich. ) said during the Sept. 19, 2007 hearings. Similar recalls The RC2 Corporation of Oakbrook, Ill. recalled approximately 1. 5 million Thomas and Friends train sets on June 13, 2007 because of high levels of lead-based paint used by Chinese contractors. The R2C Corporations recall was not as grand in scale as Mattels, but the company quickly posted an apology to consumers on the company website, terminated business contracts with manufacturers not complying with RC2 paint specifications, and employed a six-point safety check system. On February 6, 2007, Hasbro recalled 985,000 Easy-bake Ovens because young children could easily insert their hands in the over and get their hands caught and burned. Summary â€Å"I think Mattel handled the problem very well overall. Its a problem that isnt unusual for them to have. Product defects and difficulty with suppliers are pretty typical in their line of work and they took responsibility. They were willing to talk about it and understood the ramifications,† stated Paul A. Argenti, Professor of Corporate Communications at the Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth. What should Mattel do now? Plan for tomorrow and be more conscientious using domestic and international manufacturers. Again, Mattel took responsibility for the entire recall, which not many companies are willing to be held accountable for Toyota is the best example today. Owning up takes courage and actions in good times and bad should express the companys character. Mattel should continue to identify possible problems, enforce strict manufacturing regulations to produce safe toys, reassure consumers that child safety and product safety is the bottom line, and collaborate with international suppliers and government agencies to ensure public well-being. Mattel has to be prepared for other problems and continue risk management audits. â€Å"There are always going to be problems. But if Mattel can lead the change for toy manufacturers to create a more responsible industry, they could become the hero. †